Test Bank For Anatomy And Physiology 6th Edition By Elaine N. Marieb

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. 1)  A type of transport protein found in the plasma membrane of cells lining the inside of the intestine 1) allows sodium ions to diffuse down their concentration gradient. The ions move through thetransport protein, and into the cell. These transport proteins will use the kinetic energy of thediffusing sodium ions to bring glucose into the cells as well. Which of the following would stop the transport of glucose through this transport protein?A) Increasing the concentration of glucose outside of the cell.B) Increasing the number of digestive enzymes in the digestive tract. C) Lowering the energy of activation.D) Stopping the activity of the sodium-potassium pump.Answer: D Explanation: A)B) C) D)
2. 2)  A gene can best be defined as ________. 2) A) noncoding segments of DNA up to 100,000 nucleotides longB) an RNA messenger that codes for a particular polypeptideC) a segment of DNA that carries the instructions for one polypeptide chain D) a three-base triplet that specifies a particular amino acidAnswer: C Explanation: A)B) C) D)

3) Which of the following statements is correct regarding RNA? 3) A) Messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA play a role in protein synthesis.B) rRNA is always attached to the rough ER.C) There is exactly one specific type of mRNA for each amino acid.D) If the base sequence of DNA is ATTGCA, the messenger RNA template will be UCCAGU.Answer: A Explanation: A)B) C) D)

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4) Which of the following is not a function of lysosomes? 4) A) breaking down bone to release calcium ions into the bloodB) degrading worn-out or nonfunctional organelles C) help in the formation of cell membranesD) digesting particles taken in by endocytosisAnswer: C Explanation: A)B) C) D)5) The RNA responsible for bringing the amino acids to the ribosome for protein formation is 5)

________. A) ssRNAAnswer: C Explanation:

B) rRNA

C) tRNA

D) mRNA

A) B) C) D)

6. 6)  If active transport establishes a concentration gradient with the use of ATP, then the concentration 6) gradient can be looked at as ________.A) a byproduct of active transport that will be alleviated by pinocytosisB) unwanted pressure that will be alleviated by channel mediated facilitated diffusion C) an unusable byproduct of active transport that will simply diffuse awayD) potential energy that can be harnessed when molecules passively diffuse down the concentration gradientAnswer: D Explanation: A)B) C) D)
7. 7)  Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the intracellular chemical signals 7) known as “second messengers”?A) Cyclic AMP and calcium may be second messengers.B) Second messengers usually act to remove nitric oxide (NO) from the cell. C) Second messengers act through receptors called K-proteins.D) Second messengers usually inactivate protein kinase enzymes.Answer: A Explanation: A)B) C) D)

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8) Some hormones enter cells via ________.A) pinocytosisC) receptor-mediated endocytosisAnswer: C Explanation: A)B) C) D)

B) primary active transport D) exocytosis

8)

9) Which vesicular transport process occurs primarily in some white blood cells and macrophages? 9)

A) phagocytosis C) exocytosisAnswer: A Explanation: A)B) C) D)

B) pinocytosisD) intracellular vesicular trafficking

10. 10)  Which of the following will not speed up the net rate of diffusion for glucose into a cell? 10) A) Decreasing the concentration of glucose within the cell.B) Increasing the concentration of glucose outside of the cell.C) Decreasing the number of phospholipids in the plasma membrane.D) Increasing the number of glucose transport proteins within the plasma membrane.Answer: C Explanation: A)B) C) D)